Turborepo
Crafting your repository

Understanding your repository

Turborepo includes tools for understanding your repository structure, that can help you use and optimize your codebase.

turbo ls

To list your packages, you can run turbo ls. This will show the packages in your repository and where they're located.

Terminal
> turbo ls
turbo 2.1.3
 
 WARNING  ls command is experimental and may change in the future
5 packages (pnpm9)
 
  @repo/eslint-config packages/eslint-config
  @repo/typescript-config packages/typescript-config
  @repo/ui packages/ui
  docs apps/docs
  web apps/web

You can apply filters to ls, just like run:

Terminal
> turbo ls --filter ...ui
3 packages (pnpm9)
 
  @repo/ui packages/ui
  docs apps/docs
  web apps/web

turbo run

To determine which tasks can be run in your monorepo, simply call turbo run without any tasks. You will get a list of tasks and the packages in which they are defined:

Terminal
> turbo run
No tasks provided, here are some potential ones
 
  lint
    @repo/ui, docs, web
  build
    docs, web
  dev
    docs, web
  start
    docs, web
  generate:component
    @repo/ui

turbo query

If you wish to dig into your repository structure, since 2.2.0, Turbo provides a GraphQL interface into your repository via turbo query. You can execute queries such as finding all packages that have a test task:

Terminal
> turbo query "query { packages(filter: { has: { field: TASK_NAME, value: \"build\"}}) { items { name } } }"
{
  "data": {
    "packages": {
      "items": [
        {
          "name": "//"
        },
        {
          "name": "docs"
        },
        {
          "name": "web"
        }
      ]
    }
  }
}

This can be helpful for diagnosing potential problems in your package or task dependency graph. For instance, let's say you're getting a lot of cache misses in your builds. This could be because there's a package that keeps getting changed and is imported throughout your codebase.

To do this, we can run a query to find packages that are directly imported more than 10 times in your monorepo:

Terminal
> turbo query "query { packages(filter: { greaterThan: { field: DIRECT_DEPENDENT_COUNT, value: 10 } }) { items { name } } }"
{
  "data": {
    "packages": {
      "items": [
        {
          "name": "utils"
        }
      ]
    }
  }
}

Now that we've found this package, we can try to split it up into smaller packages so that a small change won't invalidate the whole dependency graph.

Or let's say you're using our new --affected flag, but you're still running more tasks than you'd like. With turbo query, you can find all the packages and the reason why they were invalidated:

Terminal
> turbo query "query { affectedPackages(base: \"HEAD^\", head: \"HEAD\") { items { reason {  __typename } } } }"
{
  "data": {
    "affectedPackages": {
      "items": [
        {
          "name": "utils",
          "reason": {
            "__typename": "FileChanged"
          }
        },
        {
          "name": "web",
          "reason": {
            "__typename": "DependencyChanged"
          }
        },
        {
          "name": "docs",
          "reason": {
            "__typename": "DependencyChanged"
          }
        },
        {
          "name": "cli",
          "reason": {
            "__typename": "DependencyChanged"
          }
        },
      ]
    }
  }
}

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